Free Essays on The African Oral Tradition

Stacy Adams ENGL233.001 Herbert Martin’s discourse â€Å"The African American Oral Tradition† is about how African American journalists suggest oral structures in their abstract works. African American literary works utilize a few unique kinds of classifications to shape its premise about subjugation. Kinds, for example, otherworldly, society tunes and accounts are completely interwoven together to frame every individual work. Martin starts by clarifying the language of the African Americans. The law denied anybody to show the slaves standard English; in this manner, they adapted exclusively by ear. At the point when they moved the language that they heard to paper, another style of language was framed which was alluded to as lingo. Vernacular was not Standard English since it was what the African Americans saw they had heard or how they thought the word was spelled, since they were prohibited to learn Standard English. Dunbar is praised as the principal African American essayist. His proficiency is as yet alive, anyway with a disgrace appended. Dunbar was acquainted with the general population, whom loathed tongue, however observed Dunbar whom utilized vernacular. In light of the terrible shame connected to vernacular, African Americans didn't prefer to be related with this style of language. They needed to learn legitimate English. Wheatley, Dulaney, alongside Walker were among the first to utilize formal sections in their compositions. People sonnets are known as the lesser youngster to formal stanzas. Gets are a kind of people sonnet that is regularly utilized as deals and pitch melodies. A catch was sung by martin that went this way; â€Å"Strawberries†¦Come and feel my sweet strawberries!† These melodies are utilized to tell individuals what they have in their truck that they are selling. Martin talks about the two components that are basic to African American Literature, the profound and the lesson. Spirituals talk about salvation and opportunity in the hereafter. Baldwin, an evangelist is a case of a profound essayist. A lesson, on the o... Free Essays on The African Oral Tradition Free Essays on The African Oral Tradition Stacy Adams ENGL233.001 Herbert Martin’s discourse â€Å"The African American Oral Tradition† is about how African American journalists suggest oral structures in their scholarly works. African American literary works utilize a few distinct kinds of classifications to shape its premise about servitude. Classes, for example, otherworldly, people tunes and accounts are totally interlaced together to shape every individual work. Martin starts by clarifying the language of the African Americans. The law denied anybody to show the slaves standard English; along these lines, they adapted exclusively by ear. At the point when they moved the language that they heard to paper, another style of language was shaped which was alluded to as lingo. Tongue was not Standard English since it was what the African Americans saw they had heard or how they thought the word was spelled, since they were illegal to learn Standard English. Dunbar is praised as the primary African American author. His proficiency is as yet alive, anyway with a disgrace joined. Dunbar was acquainted with people in general, whom detested vernacular, however observed Dunbar whom utilized lingo. On account of the awful disgrace appended to vernacular, African Americans didn't prefer to be related with this style of language. They needed to learn legitimate English. Wheatley, Dulaney, alongside Walker were among the first to utilize formal refrains in their compositions. People sonnets are known as the lesser kid to formal stanzas. Gets are a kind of society sonnet that is regularly utilized as deals and pitch tunes. A catch was sung by martin that went this way; â€Å"Strawberries†¦Come and feel my sweet strawberries!† These tunes are utilized to tell individuals what they have in their truck that they are selling. Martin talks about the two components that are fundamental to African American Literature, the profound and the message. Spirituals talk about salvation and opportunity in the great beyond. Baldwin, a minister is a case of a profound essayist. A message, on the o...

Human Resource Management A Report

Question: Directing a basic investigation on close to home administration characteristics and properties? Answer: Official Summary: This report targets directing a basic investigation on close to home authority characteristics and qualities. It features on close to home authority qualities I have, that should be rehearsed, swot investigation on close to home properties, lastly gives an individual administration plan that accentuates upon the abilities and skills that I have to get. Mindfulness intends to know oneself altogether, knowing self-qualities and shortcomings, convictions and inclinations. It gives a total thought regarding oneself and this would empower one to investigate individual characteristics with the most suitable authority qualities and gauges. I have been in the post of a director now since years, at first being a first line supervisor in an enormous neighborhood legitimate Social Care office for Children. As of late, I was a Service Manager for CSC in enormous country authority. Inferable from this, I have very of understanding of driving just as overseeing groups of group pioneers or social l aborers. Before setting out upon the Post graduate Diploma in initiative and the executives, authority was never that a significant subject. Different speculations of initiative and the executives are existent that depict various ideas of the point. Because of the expanding intricacy of the encompassing industry condition, the two ideas of administration and the board has been utilized reciprocally. Probably the most favored administration aptitudes Presentation: This report targets directing a basic investigation on close to home authority qualities and traits. It features on close to home authority traits I have, that should be drilled, swot examination on close to home qualities, lastly gives an individual administration plan that underlines upon the aptitudes and capabilities that I have to procure. It is a typical marvel that a pioneer needs to have powerful abilities and capabilities so as to be effective as a pioneer. The report upgrades my own authority characteristics and furthermore means the zones where I need as a powerful pioneer (Aas et al., 2008). Key Leadership Attributes Reflection: Authority is the capacity to lead others in a way that the supporters would be satisfied to follow the pioneer. This capacity of driving others viably relies upon various abilities. These abilities are searched out by pioneers in the wake of evaluating and examining individual aptitudes and skills of colleagues. The jobs of administration are available all over and not simply in workplaces. These abilities might be applied to any circumstance where one needs to embrace the lead in each conceivable setting. Pioneer The underlying advance to recognize individual administration quality of a true head is by methods for mindfulness. Mindfulness intends to know oneself altogether, knowing self qualities and shortcomings, convictions and inclinations. It gives a total thought regarding oneself and this would empower one to thoroughly analyze individual properties with the most suitable initiative qualities and principles. Other than mindfulness, it is essential to assemble data about oneself from own family, companions, partners, and every one of those around. To empower my family, companions and partners to see me and reflect in like manner, I have arranged surveys for them to direct meeting alongside bunch center and character tests. Initiative Attributes: according to investigates there are some authority characteristics that are generally liked and acknowledged in the current business condition. These characteristics are intended to empower a person to lead gathering of authoritative individuals in the best way towards the correct heading. The properties are portrayed in the accompanying figure (Bardes, Shelley and Schmidt, 2002). Source: (Belasen and Frank, 2008) For basic investigation of individual authority characteristics, it is significant that I feature upon individual attributes being the specific calling. I have been in the post of a director now since years, at first being a first line chief in an enormous nearby legitimate Social Care division for Children. As of late, I was a Service Manager for CSC in huge country authority. Attributable to this, I have very of understanding of driving just as overseeing groups of group pioneers or social specialists. Before setting out upon the Post graduate Diploma in administration and the board, initiative was never that a significant subject (Borodako, 2012). My own act of overseeing or driving gatherings has been founded on close to home understanding of being dealt with, own perception of different pioneers and supervisors, own senses about what works and what not tied in with driving and overseeing. With the advancement of my own administration experience, I have been underlining more on t he quality just as consistency of my authority abilities. I have consistently been enthusiastic about understanding the initiative ideas viably so I may enhance my own exhibitions, exhibitions of my groups, and lead to by and large development and accomplishments. A pioneer is answerable for receiving the most suitable administration approaches relying upon the need of the circumstances (Boyce, Zaccaro and Wisecarver, 2010). As a group head, I am mindful to allocate errands to singular individuals and dependent on their exhibition I have to either give reward them or punish them. It has been my insight that a pioneer may confer best vision to the devotees by persuading them what is fundamental and what isn't. It has been an encounter that initiative isn't really conceivable without positive followership (Chiu, 2010). Different speculations of authority and the executives are existent that depict various ideas of the subject. Because of the expanding unpredictability of the encompassing industry condition, the two ideas of initiative and the executives have been utilized reciprocally. In any case, key contrasts exist in the midst of the two (Detrick, 2013). Mindfulness Leadership Success: The ability of mindfulness is critical and generally significant in setting to raising execution. As a pioneer I practice hesitance and acknowledging what I am acceptable at and putting forth attempts to push my own adequacy bar continually. It has been an individual encounter that hierarchical chiefs have expanded degree of mindfulness and are viable in their behaviors as well as exceeds expectations in particular fields (Dr.K.ALAGAR, 2012). I have acknowledged with time that when it concerns successful administration, it is critical to raise individual authority viability and comprehend individual possibilities by perceiving own qualities and shortcomings. This would empower me as a pioneer to assemble limit and achieve individual upgrades. Enthusiasm Powerful pioneers not just have enthusiasm to lead and complete work yet in addition share the energy with his colleagues or partners to persuade them to be progressively profitable. According to different sources, I have the enthusiasm to attempt any obligation that I feel it is inside my abilities. The energy drives me to achieve work and furthermore persuade different individuals to take on obligations doled out to them. Correspondence As a pioneer I comprehend the need to discuss successfully with every related partner, colleagues, customers and representatives. I ensure that there is a consistent data stream to both low and high authoritative levels (Frimpon, 2012). Believability To basically examine my own authority characteristics, I have to improve this quality since already I received each and every duty. Truth be told, I dreaded designating duties since the validity factor needed. Nonetheless, basic investigation mirror that the validity is a significant essential for a pioneer. Since this aptitude needed me somewhat, I have to manufacture that believability factor. Client Centric It isn't just essential to offer significance to the workers and staffs, yet it is important to organize customers and clients. In spite of the fact that I center around rehearsing successful administration aptitudes with the colleagues, I neglect to accomplish the drawn out target of concentrating on customers. Already I underlined distinctly on my colleagues and authoritative advantages. Nonetheless, by and by I target centering long haul clients (Ganann et al., 2010). Drive It is progressively significant for a pioneer to know all strategies of creating and keeping up followership and guide them the positive way to acknowledge achievements of objectives. At the point when I rehearsed authority, I attempted my best to adhere to my own qualities and urge my individuals to beat despite seemingly insurmountable opposition. A potential drive is significant for a pioneer to take upon expanded obligations to help association in moving advances despite seemingly insurmountable opposition (Haberfeld, 2006). Motivation A pioneer is liable for spurring others to lead authoritative tasks effectively. Some significant angles that impacted me all through are valid authority, followership, and morals in administration. I have learnt it obviously that a pioneer who has all the characteristics can without a doubt achieve huge changes inside the association that would be sure and advantageous for all the related individuals (Hall, 2013). Individual Effectiveness It has been an individual encounter that solid and powerful initiative structures the foundation of any business. The idea makes decided vision, impetus to create singular qualities and bolster systems for moving the business firm forward. Be that as it may, administration might be a tricky quality, and dynamic pioneers go about as the best test for firms in the current day Group Building Inspiring workers to achieve more assignment instead of contending with one another, may bring about expanded efficiency just as confidence. Preferring an agreeable environment just as critical thinking in gathering may guarantee every single departmental part to achieve undertakings on time with no close to home clashes (Hazarika, 2009). As a pioneer, I ensure that I request contributions from colleagues about depar

A message from above

A message from above I never thought I would be writing about a trip to the convenient  store, but this trip was like no other. It seemed like a typical  November day, two years ago, as I walked out of Walgreens. It was just  a month after my grandmother had passed away and I spent my days  running useless errands hoping to fill the void in my heart and  distract me from the pain.As I attempted to walk out of the store, I was frustrated by  everything that was going on around me which was a very common feeling  during this time. I was angry because I couldn’t even remember what I  went there to buy so I ended up spending over $20 on nonsense just to  waste time and money, both of which I didn’t have.I was mad and confused at everyone. Especially, the young girl  walking through the store holding her grandmother’s hand. The little  girl was begging her grandmother for ice cream just like I use to when  I was little, before I was old enough to know that there are bigger  problems than a lack of sugar . There is heartache and pain in this  world. Before I was old enough to understand that one day my  grandmother wouldn’t be here with me. “Here is $20 my sweetie,” the  woman said, “Keep it for later and well get you some Mr. Softy.” As I carried on, I remembered all of the times my cousins and I would  play outside of my grandma’s house, waiting patiently to hear the  sounds of the Mr. Softy truck. The minute we heard it, no matter how  far it may have been, we would run inside smothering my grandma with  hugs and kisses while begging for some money. No matter how many times  she would say, “Remember kids, no ice cream today,” everyday we would  ask and every time she would always end up giving each of us exactly  $20. Obviously, we all know that ice cream doesn’t cost this much, but  that was my grandma, always giving more than she ever had to give.Who knew that I, an 18 year old, could be jealous of a three-year-old  little girl wearing pink slippers and a Dor a the Explorer backpack,  but I was, because at the end of the day she had something I didn’t  have anymore. A grandmother by her side.I had to force myself to ignore the little girl who others kept  calling “cute” and “adorable” when I simply thought she was nothing  but obnoxious. She was just too happy for me and that was  unacceptable, at this time, in my world.I continued to the register to pay for my things, none of which I  even remembered picking until I placed them on the counter. It was  than that my anger quickly shifted from the little girl who seemed to  have everything to the cashier who didn’t have anything, not even my  change. She had to bring my things to another register which just felt  like a waste of time. Everything felt like a waste of my time. When  the cashier gave me my change I didn’t say thank you. I didn’t say  have a good day. I simply took my change and left.Feeling exhausted and hopeless, I began walking to my car. Every step  seemed draining, and every step was another to survive. As I looked up  into the sky I thought about how my grandmother had left me, and my  anger began to return. I was outraged by the loss, and my belief in  God was beginning to diminish. I couldn’t understand why these things  happened. So as I stood in a public parking lot a million questions  formed in my mind. Why did this happen to me? Aren’t we supposed to  get signs from the people that pass on? Why did I not feel her  presence anymore? Is there a heaven?Suddenly, a woman driving right by my side rolled down her window and  distracted my unanswered thoughts. “Excuse me, excuse me, excuse me,”  she said loudly. Thinking she was going to ask for my parking spot, I  simply pointed to my car. The thought of having to verbalize where my  car was seemed like too much to bear. “No, excuse me,” she said again.  At this point, I felt I had no choice but to see what this annoying  lady wanted. As I got closer though I was startl ed-was this my  grandmother’s nurse, Adu, who lived with her during her final months?  I soon realized that she wasn’t, although the resemblance was uncanny.  Then, I realized that this Adu look a like was searching for something  in her bag. Surprisingly, I was overcome by a sense a relief that lead  me to be patient the entire time the lady was searching. Others would  be nervous by a stranger reaching in their bag unanimously, but I  wasn’t. Under a clutter of makeup, money, pens, and other belongings,  she finally reached to the very bottom of her bag and handed me a  three page booklet. “It looks like you need this,” she said calmly  with a warm smile on her face.I looked down at the mysterious and obviously used pamphlet and on  the front cover in big bold letters read “What Hope for Dead Loved  Ones?”It took me only a few seconds to comprehend the exchange with this  woman, but by the time I looked up, she was gone.I walked slowly into my car gripping the tiny l ittle book that was  given to me with fear that it would fly away in the wind. I didn’t  know what it was exactly, but I knew that if my grandmother had  anything to do with this that I didn’t want to let it go.I felt a sense of relaxation as I opened the first page. It explained  how people pass on, but their spirit remains with us. This was the  first time since my grandma had passed that I felt her with me, just  like I had wanted. I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry, but I did  know that I finally felt happiness from the surprising change in  events.I couldn’t, and still can’t, believe what had happened to me on that  day. I don’t remember the specific details that you usually hear about  like what the person was wearing, the time of day, or even the  weather, but it doesn’t matter. It was a random day in November when  my life turned back around and I began to feel hope again. It was  real. It was a miracle. And, I’ll remember it for the rest of my life.Story by visitor:  Jessica Correale

Thirteen Days - 786 Words

Thirteen days is a historical account of the Cuban Missile Crisis. It is told from the perspective of Robert F. Kennedy, senator and brother to President John F. Kennedy. It is an account of the thirteen days in October of 1962. It lasted from the 16th to the 28th. During this time many crucial events in United States. These thirteen days were the time period in which the fate of the world was decided. The focus of the book was on the decision of both the United States and Russia. The United States had to come to an agreement on what measures would be taken in order to prevent further establishment of Russian missiles in Cuba. No one could really agree on what actions to take And so we argued, and so we disagreed- all dedicated,†¦show more content†¦Before reading this book I thought The Cuban Missile Crisis was just another minuscule fact in United States history but I have now come to realize that it was much more than that. This event was and remains one of the most important events in the history of not only the United States and Russia but it is a key factor in the future of the entire world. The book was an excellent display of the real life characters and events that took place in October of 1962. Robert F. Kennedys account is very informative and really portrays the significance o f the Cuban Missile Crisis. *quotes came directly from the book Thirteen Days, written by Robert F. Kennedy. I pledge my word and honor that I have neither given nor received any unauthorized aid on thisShow MoreRelatedThirteen Days Decision Process2313 Words   |  10 PagesThirteen Days† by Antony Gumi The â€Å"Thirteen Days† movie describes how the 35th president of United States of America (USA), John Fitzgerald Kennedy (JFK) dealt with the Cuban Missile Crisis during the period of October 14-28, 1963. It shows how JFK’s leadership saved the world from having World War III (WWIII), or worse, Nuclear War. JFK’s crisis management and decision-making skills was tested during this period. He was under an extreme pressure, having the Cuban missiles were about to be readyRead MoreNeorealism: War Avoided in Thirteen Days1529 Words   |  6 PagesThe film Thirteen Days chronicles the clash between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Told from the perspective of American Kenny O’Donnell, the movie depicts the discovery of missiles in Cuba, followed by deliberations on an appropriate response and the United States’ decision to enact a blockade. Though relations between the United States and the Soviet Union were pre carious for a time during the film, eventual negotiations between the two succeeded in avertingRead MoreLeadership in the Movie Thirteen Days Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesMovie Review: Thirteen Days April 20, 2013 Summary The movie Thirteen Days is based off of the real life situation of the Cuban Missile Crisis that occurred back in 1962. The United States learned that the Soviet Union was placing missiles with nuclear weapons in Cuba. The movie follows President John F. Kennedy and his advisors as they are trying to come up with a plan of action for how to handle the situation. The missiles are positioned to be close enough to hit almost any cityRead MoreEssay Thirteen Days by Robert Kennedy978 Words   |  4 PagesThirteen Days by Robert Kennedy Thirteen Days, by Robert Kennedy, is a portrayal of the drama surrounding the Cuban missile crisis, and an analysis of the ordeal. There are two sides to this conflict which was played out in the post-World War II era. On one hand you have the Communists of the Soviet Union, whose desire to bring all of Europe under their heel would nearly spark a war that would annihilate the human race. On the other stands the Americans who wished the vindication of rightRead MoreIs The Movie Thirteen Days History or Entertainment1990 Words   |  8 PagesThe movie Thirteen Days is 2000 docudrama and is directed by Roger Donaldson who is Australian and tries to portray the film in a serious manor. The movie is based on the 13 days of the Cuban Missile Crisis, and shows the perspective of the US political leadership, specifically Special Assistant to the president Kenny O’Donnell, President John F. Kennedy and the Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy. This film is not based on the book of the same name written by Robert F. Kennedy like the first docudramaRead MoreJohn F. Kennedys Thirteen Days549 Words   |  2 PagesFor what probably felt like a month the 13 days that Kennedy and his Associates went through was one of the memorable events during Kennedy’s time as president. If Kennedy would have did things different would we maybe have gone to war with Russia? Who knows, but because Kennedy did make good decisions and had lot of great people on his side while making these decisions that made this movie and real life story epic. He also had the problem of he was against what his own Chiefs of staff and otherRead More Analysis of Thirteen Days Directed by Robert Donaldson Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Thirteen Days Directed by Robert Donaldson â€Å"Good evening my fellow citizens†¦This Government, as promised, has maintained the closest surveillance of the Soviet Military buildup on the island of Cuba. Within the past week, unmistakable evidence has established the fact that a series of offensive missile sites is now in preparation on that imprisoned island. The purpose of these bases can be none other than to provide a nuclear strike capability against the Western Hemisphere.† TheseRead MoreThirteen Days vs. the real Cuban Missile Crisis969 Words   |  4 PagesThe movie Thirteen Days directed by Roger Donaldson is about the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. It is often referred to as a docudrama as it is very entertainment oriented but still remains close to the roots of what actually happened. Since it was produced at a later date than many other films portraying the events, Thirteen Days was able to access recently declassified information which helped in attaining a more historically accurate film. Although there were some discrepancies with what happenedRead MoreThe New Of Colonial America1119 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica Colonial America was the era when America was made up of different colonies; in this case there were thirteen. Colonial America lasted from 1587 to 1770, 183 years long. As said before, there were thirteen colonies: four New England colonies, four Middle colonies, and five Southern colonies. The New England colonies were New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Massachusetts, otherwise known as the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The four Middle colonies were New York, Delaware, New JerseyRead MoreThe Political Motivations For English Imperialism969 Words   |  4 Pagesof all, it was fought between 1775 and 1783, it was primarily a conflict between the British Empire and some of its American colonists, who prevailed and formed a new nation: the United States of America. Many events fed the growing desire of the thirteen colonies for independence. The war began as a disagreement between the colonist and Great Britain. The colonist felt that the British were mistreating them. Thro ughout the next ten years, the Patriots persisted to increase their demonstration by

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) Essay - 639 Words

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) President Barack Obama signed the Affordable Care Act, into law on March 23rd 2010. Congress had tried for decades to pass health care reform, beginning with President Franklin Roosevelt. â€Å"Following President Obama’s inauguration, he used Democrat control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate to enact health care reform legislation, and granted the federal government control of over 16% of our nations economy† (Taylor 3). The law states that every American citizen is mandated to purchase health insurance. â€Å"If you choose not to obtain Health Insurance by January 2014, you will be penalized $95, or 1% of your income-whichever is greater† (Taylor 5). â€Å"The penalty rate for non-compliance will†¦show more content†¦The small business owner that has 25 or fewer employees, and provides health insurance for them, the owner will receive tax credits to ease the burden of the cost. The small business owner will receive 50% tax credit f or a profit business and 35% tax credit for non-profit businesses. There are four different levels of insurance that the consumer has the option to choose from. The Bronze level is the cheapest and will provide 60% of benefits under the health plan. Next, is the Silver level that will provide 70% of benefits, and the cost is more expensive. Next, is the Gold level that provides 80 % of benefits, and costs is still more expensive. The Platinum level is the highest, which provides 90% of benefits, and is the most expensive of all the health plans. â€Å"Under ObamaCare, your primary point of contact regarding health insurance and health care services will be your state health exchange† (Taylor 40). Medicaid services will be expanded to consumers with incomes less than $14,000 person annually or family’s income less than $29,000 annually. At the market place insurance companies will compete against one another, which will benefit the consumer. The insurance companies that charge higher rates than their competitors will be driven out of bu siness. The government will provide tax credits to consumers that have an annual income from 14,000 toShow MoreRelatedThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca )956 Words   |  4 PagesAbsract++++++++++++++++++++++++++= The Affordable Care Act (ACA) (also known as â€Å"Obamacare†) is an historic piece of legislation that has had massive effect on healthcare in the United States. Its systemic effects on healthcare in this country are numberous, from insurance to ambulatory care, from healthcare related taxes to healthcare resources, and beyond. That said, the following research paper attempts to summarize how this massive piece of legislation has effected healthcare in the UnitedRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca )784 Words   |  4 PagesThe Affordable Care Act (ACA) has been a primary debate topic since it was enacted in 2010. The conservatives completely disagree with the Affordable Care Act and believe that â€Å"Democrats used it as an assertion of power than they used it to improve health care conditions† (â€Å"Republican Views on Health Care†, 2014). They believe that the act was a waste of taxpayer’s dollars and would inevitably ruin our health care syste m. In contrast, the liberals supported the ACA and â€Å"pride themselves on the factRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca )1668 Words   |  7 PagesOn March 23,2010 the Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare, was signed into law. This act aims to provide affordable health care coverage for all United States citizens. â€Å"The Affordable Care Act affirms the core principle that everybody should have some basic security when it comes to their health care.† (President Obama) It will provide insurance to more than thirty million people who have been previously uninsured, and will be achieved by expanding Medicaid and extending federal subsidiesRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca ) Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesThe Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as ObamaCare, is a United States law that was signed by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010 and upheld by the Supreme Court on June 28, 2012. This Act was set to reform both healthcare and health insuranc e industries in the United States. It aims to lower cost on coverage, add new benefits, and a few new taxes. Increasing the quality, availability, and affordability of private and public health insurance are very important roles of the ACA. While tryingRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca )1349 Words   |  6 PagesIn 2010 the Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare, was signed into act to help reform healthcare in the United States. Before and after the act was effective, many people were concerned with how it would affect our country as a whole and on an individual basis. Many people say that the ACA is helping our country and others are not so sure. The goal of the act is to give millions of uninsured Americans access to quality health care and by also making it more affordable. Although thereRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca )1279 Words   |  6 PagesThe Affordable Care Act (ACA) is a health reform law that was signed by President Barrack Obama on March 23, 2010. The full name of the law is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). One week later the President also signed a law called the Health Care Education and Reconciliation Act (HCERA), which was a supplement that made several changes the PPACA. What the country currently refers to as the ACA or Obamacare is both of these laws combined. (McDonough, 2012) Many AmericansRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act (ACA)1156 Words   |  5 PagesThe Affordable Care Act (ACA) will cause a large influx of patients into the health care system. For a variety of reasons, this will change how the front-line health care personnel provide care. Nurses will expand his or her scope and territory of care. Front line providers will change to include more advanced practice nurses because of the national shortage of primary care providers (Department Of Health And Human Services, 2014). No longer will they just practice in brick and mortar hospitalsRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca ) Essay1089 Words   |  5 PagesSince the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or ‘Obamacare’ in 2010 and its implementation in 2014,there has been a steady decline in the uninsured population of the United States of America. The number of Americans with health insurance, has reached a historic peak. According to recent data from the Census Bureau about he alth insurance coverage, the number of uninsured Americans fell from 33 million the year prior to ACA implementation to 29 million in 2014.The total uninsured rate droppedRead MoreAffordable Care Act ( Aca )1576 Words   |  7 PagesAffordable Care Act (ACA), often known as Obamacare, was signed by President Obama in 2010. The goal of the Act is to increase the number of individuals with health insurance to the point where all Americans are insured by providing quality healthcare at an affordable price. Despite its good intent, the ACA is not as perfect as it may appear. In this paper, I will list the main features of the Act, its pros and cons, and how it affects you as an individual and discuss the King vs. Burwell lawsuitRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca )890 Words   |  4 PagesOn March 23, 2010, the Affordable Care Act which is an Obamacare, is the United States federal statute signed into law by President Barack Obama. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) experienced many challenges, debates, and objections until the Supreme Court rendered a final decision on individual mandate healthcare insurance to uphold the health care law on June 28, 2012. The mandate healthcare insurance for workers by employers’ obligation through a regulated marketplace of health maintenance organizations

Sample Pr Campaign Free Essays

string(110) " future endeavors as it is under constant scrutiny due to the doping allegations surrounding Lance Armstrong\." Communications Plan Addressing Most Pressing Reputational Issues Facing Livestrong Background of current issue facing Livestrong Foundation Lance Armstrong – the 7 time Tour De France winner, cancer survivor and founding chairman of the Livestrong Foundation, has been facing a lot of pressure and criticism from the media and the public due to allegations of doping made by the United States Anti Doping Agency (BBC, 2012). On October 17 2012 Armstrong resigned as Chairman due to allegation of doping (Mary, 2012). In November 2012, Lance Armstrong officially stepped down from the board of directors and ended his association with the Livestrong Foundation which was then known as The Lance Armstrong Foundation (Mclaggan, 2012; Vertuno, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Sample Pr Campaign or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, despite this, the opinion of the people towards the Livestrong Foundation is one of prejudice. Many companies who formally endorsed Armstrong have dropped him from their campaigns. Some of these companies were Nike, Trek Bicycles, Giro, FRS (energy products), and 24 Hours Fitness (Petchesky, 2012). Various reasons were given by the heads of these organizations as to why Armstrong was dropped. FRS Chief of Marketing commented: â€Å"this seems like a good time to part ways† while 24 Hours Fitness stated: â€Å"our business relationship with Armstrong no longer aligns with our company’s mission and values† (Schrotenboer, 2012). These and many more statements were made in regards to the doping allegations. Armstrong’s reputation and image is currently deteriorating rapidly. There are many opinions from segments of society (such as the public and the media,) regarding the Livestrong Foundation after this alleged scandal. Here is a brief overview of the situation from various stakeholders (See Appendix for Livestrong Foundation view): The Public: The public had varied opinions. There has been one section of people who have stood strongly by Lance Armstrong and the Livestrong Foundation. They stand by the fact that the foundation is still about researching a cure for cancer and so it will always be respected in the eyes of the community. Lou Hablas has supported Livestrong for years and worn the iconic yellow bracelet in honor of his uncle, stepmother and friends who have lost loved ones to cancer. The 49-year-old Georgia resident says he’ll continue to wear the bracelet despite news that embattled cyclist Lance Armstrong is stepping down as chairman of the charity he founded 15 years ago. But the poster of Armstrong leading his Discovery teammates in the team time trial at the 2005 Tour de France is coming down from his office wall amid news that the U. S. Anti-Doping Agency found â€Å"overwhelming† evidence of Armstrong’s involvement in doping as a professional cycler. â€Å"What Lance initiated through the formation of a foundation in his name and efforts through Livestrong far exceed this formal and seemingly final recognition of Lance’s fallibility, Cancer sucks and it is much bigger than Lance Armstrong † Hablas said in an interview with CNN (CNN, 2012). The feeling of Lou Hablas mirrors the feeling of millions around the world. While they still continue to strongly support the Livestrong, their respect for Lance Armstrong has diminished due to the doping incident. They are able to separate the foundation from Lance Armstrong and the controversy surrounding Lance Armstrong does not change their opinion on the Livestrong Foundation. On the other hand, there has also been a large segment of the public who have lost their faith in the Livestrong Foundation. Wendy Adams of Manchester, Pennsylvania, and her sisters have been wearing their yellow bracelets since their father was diagnosed with end stage prostate cancer in 2004. When her father died in 2005, the family respected his wish to be cremated wearing the bracelet and spent $200 dollars on the bracelets for family and friends to hand out. Now, she says she can’t wear the bracelet with pride anymore because of its connection to Armstrong and the organization. She has taken it off and vows to never again wear it. She says â€Å"Lance is Livestrong, he is the face of hope. And when that face is that of a liar, a manipulator, for me? I can’t wear it with pride anymore. † (Ibid) Therefore we see that the public has different opinions regarding the Livestrong Foundation after Lance Armstrong’s doping scandal. But the vast majority of people are able to distinguish between the Livestrong Foundation and Lance Armstrong. They recognize that the Livestrong Foundation is about cancer which is much bigger than Lance Armstrong and the foundation needn’t suffer due to the Lance Armstrong scandal. The Media: The media has been investigating the Livestrong Foundation closely after the Lance Armstrong doping scandal. The Livestrong Foundation has been under intense scrutiny recently. Bill Gifford, a journalist from OUTSIDE magazine, released an article stating that the Livestrong Foundation doesn’t in fact do much to fund research to find a cancer cure (Gifford 2012). He states in his article â€Å"Equally interesting is what the foundation doesn’t do. Most people—including nearly everybody I surveyed while reporting this story—assume that Livestrong funnels large amounts of money into cancer research. Nope. The foundation gave out a total of $20 million in research grants between 1998 and 2005, the year it began phasing out its support of hard science. A note on the foundation’s website informs visitors that, as of 2010, it no longer even accepts research proposals† (Ibid. ). Gifford also goes on to say that the primary goal of the Livestrong Foundation is to advertise and promote Lance Armstrong as he is the face of the foundation. He says â€Å"I found a curiously fuzzy mix of cancer-war goals like â€Å"survivorship† and â€Å"global awareness,† labels that seem to entail plastering the yellow Livestrong logo on everything from T-shirts to medical conferences to soccer stadiums. Much of the foundation’s work ends up buffing the image of one Lance Edward Armstrong, which seems fair—after all, Livestrong wouldn’t exist without him. But Livestrong spends massively on advertising, PR, and â€Å"branding,† all of which helps preserve Armstrong’s marketability at a time when he’s under fire. † Such stakeholder viewpoints illustrate that Livestrong has to be careful in all its future endeavors as it is under constant scrutiny due to the doping allegations surrounding Lance Armstrong. You read "Sample Pr Campaign" in category "Papers" This may have serious impacts related to the loss of Livestrong’s reputation and hence the challenge is in disassociating the Livestrong brand from its founder Lance Armstrong. The message must be communicated that Livestrong is about the fight against cancer at a global level, rather than a mere doping scandal by its founder. ————————————————- The key issues identified previously in this report highlight the importance of rebuilding Livestrong’s brand image in a manner that refocuses public attention towards Livestrong’s over-arching agenda and manifesto: To fight cancer with determination in the face of adversity. The following communications plan outlining key aims, objectives, strategies and tactics has been produced with this message at heart. The formal severing of ties with Lance Armstrong, are the first steps taken by the Livestrong Foundation towards this process. ————————————————- PHASE 1 Key Aims * Identify key stakeholders that are currently affected by the crisis, who it may affect and why. * Refocus public attention towards cancer victims and inspirational cancer fighters supported by Livestrong. Ensure that communication is clear, compelling, continuous, consistent and sustained. * Ensure that engagement, understanding and commitment amongst internal stakeholders is achieved in relation to implementing strategies and tactics to overcome crisis. Promotional Channel: Public Relations Objective: Honest and sincere Acknowledgement of the problem Livestrong is facing, the act ion taken and highlighting the need to focus on the true adversary – cancer itself. Strategy: Communicate in totality to internal and external stakeholders within the next 6 months. Tactics: 1) Organising a press conference A spokesperson that holds a prominent role in the Livestrong Foundation will address the public. In preparation for the press conference, the spokesperson will be given full media training beforehand in responding to questions by the press such as: What is Livestrong’s current stance on doping? How does Livestrong plan to attract donations when its founding member can no longer inspire donors or call on celebrity contacts? Who will lead the organisation now that Armstrong has stepped down? What will be the next steps of the charity? etc. (More questions will be prepared for media training, closer towards the launch of the press conference). The Spokesperson will begin the conference by acknowledging the doping allegations made towards Livestrong’s former founder which have resulted in the foundation formally severing ties with Lance Armstrong. The spokesperson will then, make it explicit that it was a necessary decision made with the true cause at mind – Fighting Cancer, which at the moment is not receiving ull attention by the foundation and its public due to Armstrong’s doping allegations. The spokesperson will highlight the significant difference made by the Livestrong Foundation in its long-term fight against cancer through conducting educational programs emphasising on healthy lifestyle, anti-stigma campaigns and Grassroots fundraising events; all done in order to raise awareness, increase outreach and facilitate collaboration in an effort to improve the situation of cancer patients. Furthermore, the spokesperson will highlight that it is important for the public to keep in mind these contributions made by Livestrong in the fight against cancer and will advise the public to ‘look at two separate people: Lance Armstrong the cycling champion allegedly turned drug-user and Lance Armstrong the cancer fighter and symbol of inspiration† of which the latter was the reason for Livestrong’s success until this point. Not only does Livestrong reach out to cancer patients, but also to those who look for inspiration, determination and hope, in their darkest hours of need. After these key points are made, the spokesperson will invite the press for a QA session. 2) Distributing press releases and feature articles online and offline Firstly, a number of press releases will be distributed to key media outlets (offline) and wired agencies (e. g. Reuters online), raising and addressing similar points to that of the press conference. Secondly, feature stories focusing on Livestrong Foundation support given to local and national cancer victims and their families will be distributed (both online and offline) in local and national media outlets. These stories will focus on an angle showing the determination of the cancer victims, survivors and their families and how Livestrong aids them in this journey through emotional and financial support; essentially, communicating in a compelling way to engage the public with Livestrong. Further, by distributing a considerable number of press releases and feature stories online, it would ensure that members of the public will encounter such stories which focus on Livestrong’s positive impact on society, in effect, proving to be a cost effective-method achieving search engine optimisation (SEO). 3) Social media engagement Firstly, a video release will be made (utilising YouTube) featuring the incoming board chairman of the foundation – Jeff Garvey, who outlines the next steps that will be taken by the Livestrong Foundation followed by the severing of ties with its former chairman – Lance Armstrong. This would mainly involve giving undivided attention towards the Livestrong Foundation mission in â€Å"providing free financial, practical and emotional support services for cancer survivors and their families. † This video will then be attached to Livestrong’s website, Facebook page, Twitter account and Blog. This will be followed by an invitation to the public to give their honest opinion about Livestrong and suggest ideas about what steps the foundation could take in order to better contribute to its fight against cancer. In addition, a competition will be posted on Facebook and Twitter announcing that the winner who suggests the most creative and engaging idea will have their name as part of the next Livestrong campaign title and the opportunity take part as one of the campaign team leaders. Not only will this type of approach promote symmetrical communication between Livestrong and the Public, but also indirectly suggests that Livestrong is trying its best to move past the Lance Armstrong doping scandal and refocus all its energy towards fighting cancer. ) Establishing an Intranet system for internal stakeholders of the Livestrong Foundation Given the possibility that not all members, employees and shareholders may be aware of the severity of the issue concerning Lance Armstrong’s alleged doping scandal and the strategic action taken to repair Livestrong’s reputation; an intranet will be established to provide the latest information on the issue and steps taken to rebuilding Livestrong ’s brand image in a manner that refocuses public attention towards Livestrong’s battle against cancer. The intranet page will be maintained by a trained team who will monitor current problems, predict any future revelations and watch the movements of public and media opinion closely. This will also provide the opportunity for internal stakeholders to ask questions, post responses, and contribute ideas about the crisis in a community sphere. Measurement and Evaluation Firstly, feedback could be gained from journalists, who will attend the press conference, on whether the responses given by the Livestrong Foundation were sufficient in communicating Livestrong’s future intentions and vision purely focused on battling cancer. The press releases and feature stories will be evaluated in relation to how consistent, clear and compelling they are in producing communication outcomes (e. g. Whether the key message was fully, partially, incorrectly, negative/positively, etc. conveyed . In relation to evaluating the level of public engagement with social media, they will be measured according to the tone of communication. For example, whether the blog, twitter and Facebook responses by the public, were positive, balanced, neutral or negative. Furthermore, this will also be measured by tracking levels of public engagement. E. g. whether target audiences are: Lurking, Casual, Active, Committed or Loyal. The activity on the intranet will be measured in a similar fashion although it would also include tracking the amount of internal stakeholder response within a period of 6 months. Given that the above strategies and tactics are successful and meet the objective, the Livestrong Foundation can move towards the 2nd phase which involves creatively utilising the promotional channels of Advertising and Viral Marketing. Note: The above strategies were considered after examining the cases of Sony and Dell when they faced a product defect issue where they avoided damages to their reputation through responses received through their established crisis website (Larkin and Register, 2008:63) Further, the case concerning the rebranding of Scope – the charity organisation for cerebral palsy – was also examined in detail (Scope, 2012). ————————————————- ————————————————- PHASE 2 Promotional Channel : Advertising Objective: Ensure a new and improved understanding of Livestrong by the public. Strategy: Creating a new advertisement to broadcast Livestrong’s new image. Tactics: Two different advertisements will be made for two groups of audiences. 1. Advertisement directed towards the general public: This advertisement features a little girl frolicking happily in a garden. The whole frame is colourful. Suddenly, a monster called â€Å"cancer† appears, and a thunder storm occurs. The little girl begins to cry in fear. At this time, a large number of Livestrong wristbands appear to fight the monster and protect the little girl. The wristbands knock the monster down and sunshine prevails. The slogan: Let Livestrong Protect the One You Love then appears . The advertisement will be shot in the style of caricature which makes it simple and easy to comprehend. Even children will be able to understand the advertisement; therefore, the target audience is broadened. This inspiration comes from Fresh Start—the campaign which is called up by Welsh government to stop smoking in cars. This campaign used children as their starting points and inspired people stopping smoking. ((2012). GOLLEY SLATER LAUNCHES FRESH START WALES. Online] Last accessed December 13th). 2. Advertisement directed towards cancer survivors and their families The second advertisement is aimed at encouraging people who have suffered from cancer to be hopeful and to trust Livestrong. This advertisement will focus on the reliability of the Livestrong foundation. The advertisement has a black and white tone to portray people’s emotion aft er knowing that they get cancer. This scene will simply focus on the facial shots of people who have just found out that they have cancer. Sad music plays in the background to enhance the affect. After this, the Livestrong wristbands appear. The yellow color of the wristband symbolizes sunshine and how Livestrong can brighten the lives of those who suffer from this terrible disease. The advertisement ends with the frame being full of sunshine and smiles on the faces of the people who suffer from cancer. Platform: These advertisements will be played in public places, such as subway stations and bus stops because it has a wider reach in terms of viewers. Some posters with a similar theme will also be used as outdoor advertisements. There will also be a donation box near the screen. This is done because people will feel the need to donate immediately after viewing such a touching advertisement. Prediction: It is estimated that 6 months into the advertising campaign, the awareness of Livestrong will increase by 30%. Also, the donation towards the Livestrong foundation will also increase about 10%. Promotional Channel : Viral Marketing Objective: Increase people’s awareness of Livestrong Strategy: Take advantage of social media, such as Youtube, Twitter and Facebook to let more people know Livestrong’s new image Tactics: 1. Flash Mob There will be several â€Å"flash mob† activities in target cities, such as London and Manchester, which means organizing about 50 people at the city landmark wearing Livestrong apparel and repeat the Livestrong’s slogan. All this will be recorded and broadcasted onto social media sites. This tactic is inspired by the popularity of Psy’s Gangnam Style. Gangnam Style’s shoot to popularity is attributed to the effective use of social media through which it gained global recognition. 2. Twitter and Livestrong Another activity, mainly to do with Twitter, can also be undertaken. A custom designed poster stating â€Å"Keep Calm and Trust Livestrong† will be posted by Livestrong. Every time the poster is re-tweeted, Livestrong will donate 1 pound towards a cancer rehabilitation center. This action will not only help people who suffer from cancer, but will also pique the attention and interest of the people and increase brand awareness. Platform: Social media will be the main platform for this strategy as it is currently more popular than traditional means of marketing. Social media will reach a very wide range of audience†¦ from the youth to the older generation. Also, the broadcasting speed of social media is faster compared to broadcasting via traditional means. ————————————————- Prediction: In this six months campaign, Livestrong’s exposure rate on social media will increase and people will have more positive aspects to discuss about Livestrong. ————————————————- Word Count: 3,275 References British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). (2012), â€Å"Lance Armstrong receives US Anti-Doping Agency charges. ’ [Online] Available at: http://www. bbc. co. uk/sport/0/cycling/18435771 [Accessed: 1 December 2012]. Burleigh, N. (2012), ‘Will Livestrong Stay Strong? ’ [Online] Available at: http://www. bicycling. com/news/featured-stories/will-livestrong-stay-strong? page=0,1 [Accessed: 1 December 2012] CNN (2012) ‘Livestrong bracelet: To wear or not to wear?. ’ [Online]. Available at: http://www. cnn. co. uk/2012/10/18/living/lance-armstrong-livestrong-legacy/index. html [Accessed: 1 December 2012] Gifford, B. (2012), ‘It’s not about the lab rats. ’ [Online]. Available at: http://www. outsideonline. com/outdoor-adventure/athletes/lance-armstrong/Its-Not-About-the-Lab-Rats. tml? page=all [Accessed: 1 December 2012]. Golly Slater (2012), ‘Golly Slater launches Fresh Start Wales. ’ [Online]. Available at: http://www. golleyslater. co. uk/services/public-relations/news/news-detail. php? id=976 [Accessed 29 November 2012] Livestrong (2012) Livestrong Milestones [Online]. Available at: http://www. livestrong. org/Who-We-Are/Our-History/Milest ones [Accessed: 10 December 2012]. Maclaggan, C. (2012) ‘Exclusive: Livestrong cancer charity drops Lance Armstrong name from title’ [Online]. Available at: http://www. chicagotribune. om/sports/olympics/sns-rt-us-cycling-armstrong-livestrongbre8ae000-20121114,0,6273785. story [Accessed: 1 December 2012]. Mary, P. (2012) ‘Armstrong Is Dropped by Nike and Steps Down as Foundation Chairman. ’ [Online]. Available at: http://www. nytimes. com/2012/10/18/sports/cycling/lance-armstrong-dropped-by-nike-steps-down-as-chairman-of-his-charity. html? pagewanted=all [Accessed: 1 December 2012]. New York Times (2012) ‘Times Topic: Lance Armstrong. ’ [Online]. Available at: http://topics. nytimes. com/top/reference/timestopics/people/a/lance_armstrong/index. tml [Accessed: 1 December 2012]. Petchsky, B. (2012), ‘A full list of the brave brave companies that dropped lance Armstrong only after Nike did. ’ [Online] Available at: http://deadspin. co m/5952679/a-full-list-of-the-brave-brave-companies-that-dropped-lance-armstrong-as-an-endorser-only-after-nike-did. [Accessed: 1 December 12]. Regester, M. Larkin, J. , (2008) Risk Issues and Crisis Management in Public Relations: A Casebook of Best Practice. London: Kogan Page. Schrotenboer, B. (2012), ‘Livestrong: Only 8 donors asked for their money back. ’ [Online]. Available at: http://www. usatoday. om/story/sports/cycling/2012/11/12/livestrong-lance-arms trong-doping/1700831/ [Accessed: 1 December 2012]. Scope (2012), ‘The Spastics Society to Scope: The story of the name change and relaunch November in 1994. ’ [Online] Available at: http://www. scope. org. uk/sites/default/files/pdfs/History/Scope_name_change. pdf [Accessed: 1 December 2012]. Vertuno, J. (2012) ‘Lance Armstrong Cuts Formal Ties to Livestrong, Resigns from Board’ [Online]. Available at: http://www. therepublic. com/view/story/c98e415cc01346f19a7a67a12ead195f/CYC–Ar mstrong-Livestrong [Accessed:1 December 2012]. Wall Street Journal (2012) Statement by Lance Armstrong [Online]. Available at: http://online. wsj. com/article/SB10001424052702303734204577464962634804348. html [Accessed: 1 December 2012]. APPENDIX The Livestrong Foundation Perspective of Lance Armstron’s Allegations: The Livestrong Foundation was initially very supportive of Lance Armstrong during the doping incident. However, Lance Armstrong stepped down from the board of directors of the foundation and ended all association with Livestrong. This was done to ensure that the negative publicity directed towards Lance Armstrong would not affect Livestrong’s popularity. The incoming board chairman, Jeff Garvey, said that Armstrong was distancing himself from Livestrong to protect it against any damage resulting from his doping controversy. â€Å"Lance Armstrong was instrumental in changing the way the world views people affected by cancer,† Garvey said. â€Å"His devotion to serving survivors is unparalleled and for 15 years, he committed himself to that cause with all his heart. † (The New York Times 2012). Livestrong CEO Doug Ulman, a cancer survivor himself, sees the scandal as little more than a sad distraction from a noble cause, and he sees no need for a formal distancing from Armstrong. This organization has never been stronger in terms of fulfilling our mission and the support that we receive from literally millions of people,† he says. â€Å"We are trying to tackle a global problem, the number one cause of death around the world. And so the investigation unfortunately has become a distraction from our mission. We are li terally, positively changing lives every day and we have so much more to do and to be pulled away and distracted even for 10 minutes is How to cite Sample Pr Campaign, Papers

Larson in Nigeria free essay sample

The legislation and the regulations by Nigerian officias has become one of the major problems of Larson. The value of the company by the Securities and Exchange Committee has been extremely low and the sales collection and payment to suppler are delayed in Nigeria. All these factors affect the liquidity and cash flow and raise the total cost of the company. Maintaining the operation was also complicated by problems in staffing. Expatiate staff is very costly. Additionally, entry visas for those expatriate are very complicated. The recruitment of qualified skilled experts is difficult and they are not staying long in the country. Because Larson had a promise to increase the share of local ownership, the local partners participation seems very important. If the local equity participation keeps very low like current situation, the profit of both companies will become little or even lost capital. Recommendation The vice-president of international operations should decide to continue the companys joint venture in Nigeria. We will write a custom essay sample on Larson in Nigeria or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, the company needs to address the problems of coping with local indigenization and hire a new joint venture general manager. Discussions Although the expatriate general manager of the Nigerian operation has delivered a very negative report, the operation should still continue. There are great amount of demands for products in Nigeria and competitions seem not very high. Since different country have different business cultural, to successfully operate the company in Nigeria, we have to cope with their way of doing business. After the share of local ownership increase, they cultural of the business might change to the local way. And the company will have more access to negotiate with the government. As a result, after increase the local equity percentage, in order to maintain the business in Nigeria, Larsons first step is to deal with the Nigerian business cultural. This will help the company solve the problems of cooperate their joint venture partner with divergent views. In order to increase the cooperation, senior management might have to give early retirement to Ridley and hire a new joint venture general manager who has more adaptability. The new manager will help Larson to negotiate and keep good relation with the local equity side. Moreover, the new manager should have an excellent human recourses skill and understand the labour market. This will help the company with the staffing problem which they can hire or train the local experts.